activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key

While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. Before going to the classroom, you will need to: Provide each student, with the following: Earthquakes occur every day all over the United States and all over the world. The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. m>r/Q[6 Thanks for your feedback! What about P waves? In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se di, Practica II - De Psicologian membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. It's a logarithmic scale from 1 to 10 with each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. Upload a document. 500p;333aXb3 \a.1. What data is used to determine magnitude? 0000001143 00000 n activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter The Science of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one . Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. How does the lag time change as you get farther and Tracings made at three separate seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake epicenter. Using this resource students find the arrival times of P-waves and S-waves using a seismogram. HS-PS4-1. 0000004060 00000 n If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. travel 3,000 miles. P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface Therefore, the lag This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Multiply the difference by 8.4 to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from the seismograph station to the epicenter. and S waves to travel any distance up to Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. Figure 13.10). technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. Divide the class into student pairs, and have them assemble at their computers with journals/paper and writing instruments. 0000006984 00000 n 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. Figure 1 is a simplified example of a In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographsfrom at least three different places are needed for a particular event. !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. So the difference in the P- and S-wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. 0000000016 00000 n If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. 107 0 obj <>stream www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. Facility Name Busine Child ren Information Child Name C. Child Social Security Number Type of Case being filed - Check only one category. Focus. Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . The western U.S. has more faults than the eastern U.S., and therefore the western U.S. has more earthquakes. X!.43p2t!}SLx-3z.KN4X+H\+vk? Finally, the location of the 3 seismographs are placed on a map and the distance to the epicenter is used to draw a circle with an origin at each seismograph and a radius equal to the distance to the epicenter as taken from each seismogram. This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. Cross), Give Me Liberty! Students first triangulate the location of an earthquake's epicenter, then calculate its magnitude. (, Find the S-P interval for each seismogram and record answers in the S-P column of, Find the distance to the epicenter (in kilometers) from each recording station and record answers in Table 1. Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined?" 4. Reading Strategy. 13. Sharing Information/Thinking Ahead: In the Evaluate section of the worksheet, student pairs are asked to compose answers to two questionswhether they think seismology is a reliable science and ways seismic data is useful for engineers. Also commonly termed the focus. I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. Quick Tips. The epicenter is the point directly above it at the surface of the Earth. Step 1: ans- d) 65 seconds Ste . P wave: The first seismic wave of an earthquake. What is an earthquake? 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A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. Practice with Triangulation: Locating an earthquake epicenter. 01. All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN), Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. It shows the time required for P 12), Seek, evaluate, and use a variety of specialized resources available from libraries, the Internet, and the community to find scientific information on Earth's history Continue the discussion with the following questions (or assign these questions as homework): Have student groups explore one or more of the other two regions (Southern California and Japan) provided in the Virtual Earthquake simulation. 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Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. 0000106240 00000 n Review their answers to assess their base knowledge of the subject matter. miles from the epicenter of an xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? Before looking at the Earthquakes Living Lab, have pairs complete the, Then guide the teams to the Earthquakes Living Lab via the living lab website at. at that station. ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations - New York, Nome, Alaska, and Mexico City. epicenter: A point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the underground forces of an earthquake originate. Use Figure 5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4 to determine . The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. Earthquake Location 2 Using the skills that you acquired in the picking P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake using real seismic records. Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . CH 02 HW - Chapter 2 physics homework for Mastering, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1, Use a travel-time graph to convert lag time into distance. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. Of the four Earthquakes Living Lab seismic areas, choose the "Chile" box, as shown in Figure 3. The nations most famous fault is the San Andreas Fault, which runs along a north-south trend in southern California, and happens to run directly through Los Angeles. Key Facts & Information. In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. 0000055643 00000 n Using online resources and simulations available through the Earthquakes Living Lab, students explore the consequences of subsurface ground type and building height on seismic d Seismographs are measuring devices designed by engineers and used by researchers to determine the locations and magnitudes of earthquakes. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C Describe the process of triangulation to locate an epicenter. Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. inch = 500 km. Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. 0000001675 00000 n Last updated November 26, 2013. The epicenter of an earthquake can be found using the difference between the arrival of the Primary and Secondary waves. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. 0000010002 00000 n Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream 0000006538 00000 n As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. d>(ZvO= Describe what the "magnitude" of an earthquake is. The magnitude is the logarithm of the amplitude of the ground wave. After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, Student exploration Graphing Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning. The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. to the lag time measured at this location? PDF. Focal Depth. 0000001893 00000 n atrial depolarization. 12), Analyze and interpret data about natural hazards using direct and indirect evidence American Geosciences Institute. 0000000856 00000 n between arrival of P and S waves is called If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. How does the period of the P waves compare to the period of the surface waves? Figure 2 is a seismic wave travel-time Tips: Make sure students are reading the S waves and not the P waves. Send activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers via email, link, or fax. Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. follow our easy steps to get your lab activity locating epicenters answer key well prepared rapidly choose the template in the library enter all necessary information in the required llable areas the hb```f``Rl@ (l"`+uk?0.a~@6Vm;| G3f`75@v@Wz|A4#w9{(` ) What was the lag time (in minutes) at this location? First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. (Figure 3):. Thanks for your feedback! 9 - PS: We do not share personal information or emails with anyone. Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. However, please review it for the specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? What is an earthquake? Dochub is the best editor for changing your documents online. 2. An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. (5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. 0000031066 00000 n Apr 8, 2020 One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. To do this, have the students use, Find the epicenter of the earthquake on the map (. Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Key Concepts . Epicenter. 0000007097 00000 n If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, The period of a wave is the time between two adj, How does the period of the P waves compare to t. Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. Figure 2. Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. different types of seismic waves. earthquake. 0000053998 00000 n Identify P, S, and surface waves on seismograms, Measure amplitude and lag time on seismograms, Use triangulation to accurately locate the epicenter of an earthquake, Accurately report the latitude and longitude of the epicenter, Sea Floor Lab Help with Problem 2 - Tagged, Metamorphic Rocks Lab Instructions - Tagged, Lab exam 2 - Study guide for the second exam regarding all the labs and material covered, Redaccion de textos II Marco n membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. Students also investigate which structural designs are most likely to survive an earthquake. Do limits exist on what science can predict? Make changes to the sample. The, amount of time that passes between the Pwave arrival and the Swave arrival is. Looking at the nomogram, students click on each location data point to see where the three lines intersect to read the estimated magnitude. Last modified July 18, 2012. Learn more How Can I Locate the Earthquake Epicenter? (Figure 3):. 1. Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. and S waves depends on the distance from the epicenter of the answer the following question. For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. Encourage them to explore all of the Earthquakes Living Lab as they complete the worksheet. Seismic Waves. 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . graph. Develop a solution to a technological problem that has the least negative environmental and social impact. from the epicenter will be 14 8. What types of engineers might use this data the most? Do you agree with this alignment? Seismic stations detect earthquakes by the tracings made on seismographs. Find 23 millimeters on the right side of the chart and mark that point. How do we determine the epicenter of an earthquake? (Grades In this activity, the epicenter of the earthquake is in the center of Los Angeles, CA. (Grades Mr Gneiss. Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. Follow this simple guide to edit Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key in PDF format online free of charge: Explore all the advantages of our editor right now! Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. Students learn how engineers build shake tables that simulate the ground motions of the Earth caused by seismic waves in order to test the seismic performance of buildings. Choose an answer and hit 'next'. 0000004224 00000 n Activity4:LocatinganEarthquakeEpicenter Objectives:Ifyoucompletealltheproblems,youshouldbeableto: Identif $8.25. Based on your answers to the previous question, what is the lag time for locations that are travel time for P waves. 3000 miles. A single recording station can only calculate distance, but not direction; to cover all possibilities, a complete circle is drawn around that station. "`B(R6sj [CX7p+s =#;~ `'kA Resources. earthquake lab lab: locating the epicenters of earthquakes objective measurable learning outcomes use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Southern New Hampshire University longer or shorter). The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). How is the magnitude of an earthquake determined? Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab - Triangulation sheet for students and/or teachers to use (Slide 6), and answer key (Slide 7). Details. To complete the activity, some prior . One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined"? 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. Activity 4 Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Answers: Fill Out & Sign . Geologists use seismic waves to locate an earthquake's epicenter. The farther a station is from the Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). It travels faster than the same earthquake's S wave (almost double the speed) and is similar to sound waves. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Was there an initial quake followed by smaller quakes? Thanks for your feedback! Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. A minimum of three seismic stations is necessary to locate an epicenter. An earthquake is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust. After reading about earthquakes, open a new window to an Earthquake Simulator at, Follow the simulation instructions. Assess their understanding based on the thoroughness of their answers. While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . This page titled 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Deline, Harris & Tefend (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) . How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? %PDF-1.5 % How are S and P waves used to determine how far away epicenters are? Figure 8. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. 0000078100 00000 n Do you think we will someday be able to prevent earthquakes? The seismometers are shown as green dots. 0000002383 00000 n 0000004769 00000 n 0000002507 00000 n If you can't find an answer to your question, please contact us. Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php.