which of the following statements is true about correctional officers? which of the following statements is true about correctional officers?

A person's race is a simple biological fact, and not a social construct. What items most often assumes the symbolic value of money in the sub-rosa economy of a prison? Some inmates with newly diagnosed HIV may require outside expert medical consultation. One study on recidivism demonstrated that the inmates who adjusted most successfully to prison life ________ to life in the free community upon release. "Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted" is part of the____Amendment? Fewer than half of state prison systems have implemented routine HIV screening programs, despite the 2006 CDC recommendation for universal screening in correctional health care facilities. Guidelines for correctional officers---e.g., always go to the aid of an officer in distress, don't "lug" drugs, don't rat on other officers---are all part of ______. The typical offender has been convicted of? A ________ is an institutional setting in which people are cut off from the wider society and are expected to live according to institutional rules and procedures. Typically, at any single point in time, the number of incarcerated adults housed in prisons is approximately twice those in jails. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Annual Probation Survey, Annual Parole Survey, Annual Survey of Jails, Census of Jail Inmates, and National Prisoner Statistics Program, 1980-2016. Which of the following statements is most true? Psychology - The Biological Perspective, Communication - Writing Negative Messages Quiz level 3, Pre Exam Quiz 5; Human Development and Family Studies, Quiz Preview 10/ Psychology - Principles of Social Psychology, Quiz Facts 7' Psychology - Cognitive Functioning, Quiz Lot 2. Late in a basketball game, a team often intentionally fouls an opposing player in order to stop the game clock. Criminologists Richard Hawkins and Geoffrey Alpert identified four general ways in which correctional officers respond to their jobs. Inmates should follow the prison rules and not cause trouble. Source: World Prison Brief: Highest to LowestPrison Population Total. Officers who oversee the work of individual inmate work crews are called ____________. [72,73] Therefore, in this setting, it is important to utilize a range of HIV prevention strategies that include keeping released prisoners engaged in medical care, assisting them in taking antiretroviral therapy consistently achieving suppressed HIV RNA levels, identifying and treating sexually transmitted infections (since sexually transmitted infections can increase the risk of HIV transmission to partners), and facilitating the use of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for community serodifferent partners. In a retrospective review involving 882 prisoners with HIV in the Connecticut Department of Corrections system, virologic suppression (less than 400 copies/mL) improved from 29.8% at entry to 70.0% by release. 2. In which of the following years did the first female correctional officer begin work at a high-security institution? The period of Western social thought that began in the 17th century and lasted until the dawn of the 19th century is known as? This system called for solitary confinement at labor, with instruction in labor, morals and religion. The first legislation authorizing parole in the United States was enacted in ___________. Officers who conduct pre-sentence investigations utilize discretion in deciding what to include in a report and, most importantly, what sentence to recommend. Inmates skilled in legal matters are known as ________. [48] Also, with short stays there may be inadequate time to collect a medical history, inquire about and verify current and previous medication regimens, or obtain the necessary antiretroviral medications before an individual is released. The special language of the inmate subculture is called? In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court hold that inmates skilled in legal matters must be permitted to assist other inmates in preparing cases unless the government provides a reasonable alternative? This impacts correctional administrators' ability to? A writ issued by an appellate court to obtain from a lower court the record of its proceeding in a particular case is called a? According to the philosopher, the duration of a 'second' is precise. [24] Other strategies include access to condoms, regulated tattoo parlors in prison, and facility-based needle exchange programs. The "evidence" that evidence based corrections is based on is highly controversial. The Wickersham Commission was appointed by President__________________. Show transcribed image text. The American correctional Association expects of its members unfailing honesty, respect for the dignity and individuality of human beings and a commitment to professional and compassionate service. C. Some officers become overly authoritarian and confrontational. The term Lex Talionis means "Let the punishment be just". Since you've received 80% or better on this quiz, you may claim continuing education credit. The officers can help provide guidance, support, and program opportunities to persons in the community correctional system while helping them remain accountable to their imposed conditions as they transition back into the community. A slower tempo can be experienced by a person who mentally stretches the duration of time. A jury found Murdaugh guilty of murdering his wife and son. What is defined as a constellation of values, norms, and roles that regulate the way inmates interact with one another and with prison staff? True or False? If you're the victim of cyberbullying behavior, besides contacting your teacher or the school, Learning Resource Center can you go to find information. Intensive supervision probation(ISP) involves? The process by which a court arrives at a final decision in a case is called? [19,20] Although the overall rate of AIDS-related deaths in prison has declined since 2001, the rate of AIDS-related deaths among Black inmates has remained higher than in White or Hispanic inmates. The historical policy of American courts not intervening in the affairs of prison management was called? a) They have considerable discretion in discharing their duties within the constraints of rules, regulations, and policies. In 2014, the mean annual wage for state correctional officers was ________. [11] For many inmates, the greater ability to achieve viral suppression in prison is likely influenced by access to HIV care and mental health services, a structured daily routine, and decreased use of alcohol and illicit drugs. HIV-positive inmates working in the kitchen. A pass must be signed by an officer to be valid. [47] Jails and temporary detention settings pose the most challenges in terms of accessing antiretroviral therapy. Mandatory release is similar to ________ in that persons let out under either arrangement ordinarily receive a period of community supervision. Which of the following statements is true about the Pennsylvania system of confinement? Correctional officers dispense both formal and informal sanctions to induce cooperation among inmates. Funding to various correctional agencies has been cut since 9/11 and has been allocated to? Paramedics from the adjoining firehouse were called and unsuccessfully tried to resuscitate the prisoner. Majors, captains and correctional officers charged with maintaining order and security are called_____________. It also been observed that the functions have only one asymptote. This is called__________. Your text shows Tom Hanks in ___________ as an example of these movies. Tempo is the time that events last. Jake is an inmate in a large state prison. Which of the following statements is true? The functions are and. Many of the barriers to successful antiretroviral therapy within prison are similar to those outside the correctional system. [11] Incarcerated women with HIV have an even higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders than their male counterparts. As of 2012, unions represented correctional officers in adult institutions in ________ states and the federal system. [39,40], Receiving a new diagnosis of HIV while in a jail or prison can be difficult; thus, appropriate counseling and linkage to care during incarceration are essential components to any correctional testing program, just as in the noncorrectional settings. Inmates should mind their own affairs and do their own time., Inmates should not inform the prison staff about the illicit activities of other prisoners., Inmates should be indifferent to the prison staff and loyal to other convicts., or Inmates should follow the prison rules and not cause trouble. A person appointed by the juvenile court to serve as a special guardian for the youth being processed through thejuvenile justice system is called a? Most, though not all, death row inmates spend_______hours a day in their cell. A contract process that shifts public functions, responsibilties, and capital assets, in whole or in part, from the public sector to the private sector is called? Source: Iroh PA, Mayo H, Nijhawan AE. In the case of In re Gault, Gerald Gault was charged with? Which of the following is NOT one of these interests? The rates of inmate suicide are far higher than the national averages, and even higher still for special populations (including juvenile and LGBTI inmates), even corrections officers have a much greater occupational suicide rate. [11] As a result of improvements in antiretroviral therapies over time, the number of AIDS-related deaths in corrections has plummeted since the mid-1990s, similar to the trend in the general population; in recent years, fewer than 75 AIDS-related deaths per year have occurred in prisons (Figure 16). In the past, most studies viewed the problem of misconduct as one of individual problem officers, the so-called bad apples on the force. Mandatory release is similar to ________ in that persons let out under either arrangement ordinarily receive a period of community supervision. The first juvenile court established in 1899 in? A correctional officer who provides commodities to the inmate population is a called a ________. The key to curbing recidivism of people who are mentally ill is to expand_______________into jails and prisons so that inmates can begin therapy the moment they walk into custody? Alternatively, send information to the community provider after obtaining written consent for release ofinformation from the inmate. The United States Supreme Court awarded Gerald Gault all of the following rights except? The principle that the highest objective of public policy is the greatest happiness for the largest number of people is called? The nation's best-known prison hospice program is the one at? This graphic illustrates the concept that on any given day in the United States, there are significantly more individuals incarcerated in prisons than in jails. Expedited HIV care may be necessary for special clinical circumstances including acute HIV,an acute opportunistic infection, and HIV during pregnancy. A particularly mean device for whipping, called the Russian Knout, had fishhooks in it. 120 seconds. Upon b. The most common cause of death among the world's prisoners is? The mistreatment of Iraqi prisoners occurred at _________. These cases typically involve police officers, jailers, correctional officers, probation officers, prosecutors, judges, and other federal, state, or local law enforcement officials. A. Which of the following is NOT one of those categories? Overcrowding, one of the most pressing problems, has created the dilemma of? having to admit more inmates than there is available space. [38] The CDC has released a comprehensive document to guide the implementation of opt-out HIV testing in the correctional setting. The fundamental difference between jail and prison is the nature of their. The Supreme Court has ruled that censorship in prisons is legal only if it furthers one of three substantial government interests. Inmates who adopt the ________ lifestyle are primarily concerned with getting out of prison as soon as possible and avoiding hard time in the process. Which of the following statements is true about correctional officers? [3] The total adult population in the correctional system in the United States, including local jails, state prisons, and federal prisons, increased significantly during the 1980s and 1990s (largely as a result of the crackdown on illegal drug use), peaked in 2008, and then leveled off (or slightly decreased) (Figure 4) and (Figure 5). At the end of 2012, about ________ percent of the security staff in state correctional agencies were male. Officers who control the keys and weapons and sometimes oversee visitation are called ___________. The next day, while discussing the incident, one of the arresting officers mentioned that the prisoner had said something about "have to kill myself" while being [6], In the United States, during the years 1991-2015 the annual number of persons with diagnosed HIV in state or federal prisons ranged from a high of 25,976 in 1998 to a low of 17,146 in 2015; from 1998 to 2015 the number and rate of persons with HIV in state or federal prisons declined (Figure 8). The tension between prison staff members and inmates that arises out of the correctional setting is called____________. [7] The relatively high HIV seropositivity rates among incarcerated women has been associated with higher rates of specific HIV risk factors, including past sexual abuse, exchange of sex for drugs or money, multiple sex partners, low rates of condom use, and injection drug use. Explanation: As in years past, prison staffers are still most concerned with custody and control. Among different racial/ethnic groups, blacks have the highest incarceration rates. 2015;42:643-9. Many states have resource manuals listing HIV care providers. QUESTION 68 The process of civilian gang members with no prior criminal history being recruited to apply to become correctional officers is called: a. testing b.active recruiting O c downing a duck O d. empathy QUESTION 62 Why do some scholars say that the criminal justice system is designed to fail? Early release after a time period specified and set by law is called ____________. The conditional release of a prisoner, prior to completion of the imposed sentenced, under the supervision of the stateis called________. Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of the inmate society in many women's prisons? April 2020. ______________ of isolation and silence became popular in Europe. Prisoners in 2018. Which of the following statements best describes the term parole? Which of the following is usually not a characteristic of women's prisons? Source: Maruschak LM, Bronson J. HIV in Prisons, 2015Statistical Tables. They are judged frivolous and are lost in the trial stage. Barriers to successful antiretroviral therapy within the correctional setting include high rates of substance use and mental health disorders, lack of continuity of medical care, distrust of prison-based medical care, and concerns about confidentiality and safety. High rates of HIV risk activity coupled with low rates of HIV testing make the community corrections population an important priority for HIV screening and prevention services. Contact your local or state health department for assistance with locating providers who are willing to accept uninsured persons. [26]Althoughthe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended in 2006 that correctional facilities perform routine opt-out HIV testing, the HIV testing practices and policies in correctional setting continue to vary from state to state. Considering the high HIV prevalencein the correctional settings, it is imperative that strategies and systems are in place to maximize initiation and uninterrupted administration of antiretroviral therapy within jails and prisons. Because of limited access to HIV specialists, some prison systems have attempted to cohort persons with HIV in one or two facilities that have the easiest access to the specialists they needed. See Answer See Answer See Answer done loading. A device consisting of nine knotted cords fastened to a wooden handle used for whipping a convicted subject was a Cat-o'-nine tails. A special court that is given responsibilty to handle cases involving drug-addicted offenders is called? These data are from correctional facilities in 59 CDC-funded Health Department jurisdictions. Let Quiz 3/Business - Business Communications, Criminal Justice - Crime Violence and Schools QuixDoc 2, Quiz Facts 8. More recent studies show that whites generally see misconduct as episodic and confined to individual officers, while blacks tend to see misconduct as a more entrenched aspect of . At the end of 2012, about ________ percent of the security staff in state correctional agencies were white. The ability of correctional facilities to successfully provide antiretroviral treatment for inmates is variable. August 24, 2017. Some officers become intrusive and pry into the personal lives of inmates. The author of On Crimes and Punishments was? Adult offenders are known as criminals, juvenile offenders are known as? Treating HIV and AIDS in prison is difficult for all but one of the following reasons? The set of norms and values among prison inmates is called? The parole concept has its roots in an 18th century English penal practice of __________. The estimated national cost per year to confine an inmate over 55 years old is? The term ________ is defined as the reduction of the original sentence given by executive authority, usually a state's governor. [31,32,33], Studies have shown that HIV testing within the structured environment of corrections is effective and feasible; the cost-effectiveness of testing incarcerated populations varies with the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV among inmates in any given testing area, but, overall, is on par with the cost of testing in the non-correctional setting. All of these infection control strategies would also provide an opportunity to address prevention of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is important given that as many as 41% of inmates have chronic HCV. If appointments cannot be made in advance, make walk-in arrangements with clinical providers. Brutality is normally construed as a tort rather than a constitutional issue. They have formal authority to command. The process of transition that offenders make from prison or jail to the community is called________. The recidivism rate in the United States is ______. Totality-of-conditions rulings have been handed down against prison systems in three states. Currently, the predominant method of execution in the United States is? [26,30] Release from prison has been associated with increases in HIV RNA levels and decreased CD4 counts, which reflect some of the challenges with engaging in medical care and adhering to antiretroviral therapy while trying to reintegrate into society. The privacy of the individual inmate should be protected to the greatest extent possible, which typically means that medical interviews of inmates should be conducted out of earshot of correctional officers, and the disclosure of protected health information should be limited to situations that directly impact the health and safety of other inmates and/or correctional staff.[51]. You seem to have a popup blocker enabled. . The "Founder of Probation" is John Augustus. B. Wardens, superintendents, assistant superintendents and others charged with running the institution and its programs are called__________. The transition from a correctional facility to the community is a critical event for inmates with HIV. A crime punishable by confinement in a local jail for a year or less is called? In general, people sentenced to jail have a sentence of? [74] Moreover, some investigators have also demonstrated that incarceration disrupts primary intimate relationships, suggesting that use of prison-based programs to help prisoners and their partners maintain their relationship during incarceration may reduce the number of sexual contacts after release.[75]. The case of_________ruled that "guilty beyond a reasonable doubt" should be the standard in all delinquency adjudications. [7] Unfortunately, large declines in the HIV care cascade are seen after release from incarceration, often to levels even lower than before incarceration. Quantifying units of time is an easy operation through psychological . [54,55,56] Inmates with HIV have a very high rate of HCV coinfection, mental illness, and illiteracy: Incarcerated persons with HIV often present complex management challenges to prison medical staff who lack HIV expertise. D. Some officers adopt a human-services orientation toward their work. The _________ would be most involved in encouraging prisoners to participate in educational, vocational and treatment programs. [14,15], In the United States, the absolute number of men with HIV in state or federal prisons is consistently greater than the number of women by a ratio of more than 10 to 1, which is not surprising given the prison population is predominantly male. When a juvenile court transfers jurisdiction of a case to an adult court it is called a? The Auburn system was also known as the __________. Here are a few major instances where an escalation to the use of force may be required: 1. [50] In this setting, however, the use of universal precautions should negate the need for correctional staff outside of health services to know the HIV status of any individual patient. Question: Which of the following statements is true? There are fewer women working as correctional officers than there are working as police officers. Which of the following is NOT one of them? [16] In addition, when compared with men, incarcerated women have higher rates of unemployment (45.8% versus 26.7%), homelessness (17.4% versus 12.1%), and psychiatric comorbidities (43.6% versus 21.6%). They have considerable discretion in discharging their duties within the constraints of rules, regulations, and policies. In contrast, when analyzing by the prevalence rate of personswith HIV in state or federal prison, the HIV prevalence rate in women (range, 1.3-1.8%) was similar to the HIV prevalence rate in men (range, 1.3-1.4%) (Figure 11). [6] From 2007 through 2018, Black individualsconsistently had higher prison incarceration rates were consistently higher among persons who are Black than those who are White(Figure 7). Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), The National HIV Curriculum is supported by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) as part of a financial assistance award totaling $1,021,448 with 0% financed with non-governmental sources. B. In the United States, the average ratio of correctional officers to inmates across all states in 2012 was ________. [2], In 2018, the United States had the highest prison population rate (prisoners per 100,000 population) in the world and the total prison population in the United States was higher than any other country(Figure 3). The patterns of behavior expected of correctional staff members in particular jobs are called__________. For his crimes, Fay received a sentence of? Cognitive Psychology Overview of Theory. The process, however, remains slow and difficult, primarily because the necessary funding is simply not available. Stress to inmates the importance of attending their first scheduled appointment in the community, and the appointment should be as early as possible after release. Indeed, for some individuals, the structured environment of incarceration may lead to better adherence to antiretroviral treatment than with their adherence in a community setting, regardless of how the medications are dispensed. Personalism & Modern Psychology Plato's Meno, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Service Management: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology, Electoral Process and Propaganda Techniques Q. Unions usually put the goals of the institution above the needs of individual officers. Try it now. The contents are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official views of, nor an endorsement, by HRSA, HHS, or the U.S. Government. (1) (a) Every law enforcement agency and correctional agency shall establish and put into operation a system for the receipt, investigation, and determination of complaints received by such agency from any person, which shall be the procedure for investigating a complaint against a law enforcement and correctional officer and for determining The first legally chartered American custodial institution for juvenile offenders was? The equal-protection clause under the ________ Amendment has led the Supreme Court to forbid racial discrimination and has led state courts to target gender discrimination.